Trafficking in women was criminalized in nigeria by the criminal code in 1904 and the penal code in 1960. In nigeria prone conflict zone, boko haram trafficked children and use them as soldiers and militias. In order to fight the menace of child trafficking in nigeria, government needs to extend measures to fight child trafficking beyond prosecution of traffickers and rehabilitation of trafficked victims to practical steps toward addressing the root causes of child trafficking in nigeria. Moreover, brain drain which is a dimension of human trafficking deprives nigeria of the services of her indigenous experts necessary for rapid national development. Until recently, the issue of child trafficking was debated in the broad context of human trafficking. This paper examines the nexus between poverty and child trafficking in the country.
Women and children as well as passed a national law in 2003trafficking in persons prohibition law enforcement and. Nigeria is a source, transit and destination country with regard to child trafficking for sexual exploitation. Child labour is pervasive in every state of the country. The government of nigeria maintained strong antitrafficking law enforcement efforts. Nigeria is a source, transit and destination country for women and children subjected to trafficking in persons including forced labour and forced prostitution. Psychological and social policy perspectives yvonne rafferty pace university abstract child traf. Trafficking in women was criminalized in nigeria by.
This deficit of a knowledge base all too frequently results in misidentification, mislabeling, and improper care of child trafficking victims. Assembly of heads of states and governments in 1990. Pdf trends of child trafficking situation in nigeria and a. Child trafficking unicef nigeria, april 2007 background the trafficking of children for the purpose of domestic service, prostitution and other forms of exploitative labour is a widespread phenomenon in nigeria. Research cyber team hopes this article was helpful. The causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria. Parents now hand over their children to traffickers. Measures to combat trafficking in human beings in benin. With regard to nigerian sex trafficking networks the us department of state usdos in its. In 2006, the number of child workers was estimated at about 15 million.
Child trafficking in the eastern part of nigeria is a lucrative trade. A new type of child abuse and human trafficking that targets infants has emerged in nigeria in what are described as baby factories. Nigeria ratified the convention on the rights of the child on 1941991 and the african charter on the rights and welfare of the child on 2372001. Poverty is a major factor that drives child labour in nigeria. Nigeria 2018 human rights report executive summary nigeria is a federal republic composed of 36 states and the federal capital territory fct. Per the latest global slavery index 2018 report, nigeria ranks 32167 of the countries with the highest number of slaves 1,386,000 and its national agency for the prohibition of trafficking in persons naptip reports that the average age of trafficked children in nigeria, now upgraded to a tier 2 country on the u. Causes of child trafficking in nigeria research cyber. Sep 23, 2018 on the consequences of child trafficking, the major consequences was centered on increase in the spread of stds including hivaids among children, rejection by family members and increase in government spending on rehabilitation of child trafficking and the least possible consequences includes negative impact on the economy, leading to stigmatization on those involved and it could cause death. Nigerias policy on protection and assistance to trafficked persons spells out the need for the restoration of the victims of tips trafficking in persons and exploitativehazardous child. This study investigated the causes and consequences of child trafficking as perceived married adults in shaki west local government area, oyo state.
Child labour in nigeria is the employment of children under the age of 18 in a manner that restrict or prevent them from basic education and development. The government of nigeria does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so. On the consequences of child trafficking, the major consequences was centered on increase in the spread of stds including hivaids among children, rejection by family members and increase in government spending on rehabilitation of child trafficking and the least possible consequences includes negative impact on the economy, leading to stigmatization on those involved. Trafficking in persons, especially children within nigeria has become a very. The 2003 trafficking in persons law enforcement and administration act, amended in 2005 to increase the penalties for trafficking offenders, prohibits all forms of human trafficking. In 2016 the government of kaduna made public the kaduna state judicial commissions nonbinding report, which found the na used excessive and disproportionate force during the 2015 altercations in which 348 imn members and one soldier died. In view of the clandestine nature of trafficking, accurate and reliable figures are hard to get. Nigeria is a source, transit, and destination country for women and children subjected to trafficking in persons including forced labor and forced prostitution. Italy, germany or england to be exploited in prostitution or domestic servitude.
Conflict is a push factor for trafficking, migration and poverty. Causes, effects and remedies abstract this study focuses on the causes, effects and remedies of child trafficking in nigeria using ijebuode local government area of ogun state as a case study. Trafficking in persons, especially children within nigeria has become a very troubling problem. The government demonstrated overall increasing efforts compared to the previous reporting period. Causes and consequences of child trafficking in nigeria. Baby factories are criminal entities that exploit young girls with unwanted pregnancies and the practice is growing. What are the major causes of human trafficking in nigeria. The magnitude of the problem, as well as its despicable nature, triggered increasing. Thirdly, child trafficking is the fastest growing criminal industry in the world with the total annual revenue for trafficking in persons, not less than two hundred and fifty thousand persons, mostly female i. In view of the above, we recommend that the nigerian government.
These merchants provided weapons and fueled crises between communities to increase the supply of slaves. Modeles, tendances, experiences et reponses au togo. Trafficking of women and children in nigeria human trafficking. A history of child trafficking in southeastern nigeria. Unfortunately, this act has not been adopted by all the states of the federation and so its effectiveness cannot be fully measured. However, it remains a serious public health concern in many parts of the world particularly in developing countries like nigeria. Police in lagos, nigerias commercial capital, have detained 10 suspects on charges they ran an orphanage for child trafficking, a police spokesperson said on friday, adding that bones believed to be human were found there. Impact of human trafficking in nigeria project topics. Yet, from its porous borders, women and children continue to be trafficked within, across and beyond the country for forced labor and sexual or physical exploitation. The research is designed to view the immediate causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria a selected place in oredo local government area in edo state. However, it remains a serious public health concern in many parts. International and local policieslegislations exist on child trafficking. This study identifies the major causes of child trafficking that stand as a bottleneck in nigeria.
Cultural and legal perspectives on child protection in the. On the other hand, women often resort to seeking alternative opportunities outside of their. Pdf trends of child trafficking situation in nigeria and. Africa and south asia especially the mekong area are among the worst. Women and also children are often viewed as objects that can be sold. Impact of human trafficking in nigeria prior to the abolition of slave trade and slavery in the early 19th century, human beings were sold as commodities to merchants by kings and warriors in exchange for goods. The rights of child domestic as victims of human rights violation and trafficking in. In child welfare, research suggests a lack of awareness, understanding, and training about child trafficking. Causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria a case study of oredo local government area of edo state includes abstract and chapter one, complete project material available causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria a case study of oredo local government area of edo state abstract this project work is to evaluate the causes. The need for the study arises because of the alarming rate of increase of child trafficking in nigeria from the analysis, it was found that. Sexual exploitation of children in nigeria submission 29. Human trafficking within and from africa coorganised by caritas internationalis and the pontifical council for the pastoral care of migrants and itinerant people draft agenda 5 september 2016 7 september 2016 abuja nigeria hosted by caritas nigeria issue.
Child trafficking is a major form of trafficking caused by poverty. What are the root causes of human trafficking in nigeria. Aug 27, 2019 nigerias policy on protection and assistance to trafficked persons spells out the need for the restoration of the victims of tips trafficking in persons and exploitativehazardous child. Child adoption as a tool for child trafficking in nigeria. Here in west africa, millions of youth are affected by this brutal, entrenched trade.
This work, therefore, is a modest attempt at assessing the efficacy of these various. One of the main causes of human trafficking in nigeria is the complete disregard for human rights. Nigerian traffickers take women and children to other west and central. Thus, they are sold into slavery and sexual exploitation or forced into marriages. Questionnaire on causative factors of children and women trafficking. Causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria edustore. Download complete project material on causes and consequences of child trafficking in nigeria from chapter one to five. It provides an overview of the issue of trafficking in nigeria, including.
This briefing paper is prepared for the special rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children, in preparation for her mission to nigeria. In nigeria, human trafficking ranks the third most common crime after financial fraud and drug trafficking. Nigeria imn and other civilians by nigerian army na forces in zaria, kaduna state. Pdf trends of child trafficking situation in nigeria and a way. Legal framework for combating human trafficking in nigeria. Nigeria enacted a law in 2003 prohibiting the trafficking in persons and established the national agency for the prohibition of trafficking in persons naptip. Measures to combat trafficking in human beings in benin, nigeria and togo, final report nigeria. The child rights act deals comprehensively with the issue of child trafficking in nigeria.
Child exploitation, trafficking and labour in africa current situation in africa. Causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria education. Human trafficking had become a major source of concern to all societies in recent time. In nigeria prone conflict zone, boko haram trafficked. Because people had fail to recognize the effect if would bring to the state. Fighting the many heads of the childtrafficking beast. Human trafficking has put nigeria on the map of the notorious. Current patterns of child trafficking in west and central africa although, child trafficking is a global problem, the practice is particularly widespread in some regions. The research was coordinated and the report written by professor christiana e. The main forms and manifestations of human trafficking in nigeria 2.
The transatlantic slave trade, the expansion of the legitimate trade in palm oil and the subsequent need for domestic labor contributed to a long history of human trafficking. Causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria a case study of oredo local government area of edo state includes abstract and chapter one, complete project material available causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria a case study of oredo local government area of edo state abstract this project work is to evaluate the causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria. It is well acknowledged that child trafficking is an endemic and troubling problem in nigerian society adesina, 2014. Data concerning human trafficking, particularly child trafficking, is severely limited. The need for the study arises because of the alarming rate of increase of child trafficking in nigeria. Pdf international and local policieslegislations exist on child trafficking. Causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria a case study of oredo local government area of edo state abstract this project work is to evaluate the causes and effect of child trafficking in nigeria a case study of oredo local government edo state. Apr 15, 2015 nigeria enacted a law in 2003 prohibiting the trafficking in persons and established the national agency for the prohibition of trafficking in persons naptip. Trafficked nigerian women and children are recruited from rural areas within the countrys borders women and girls for involuntary domestic servitude and sexual exploitation, and boys for forced labor in street vending, domestic. While most research on child trafficking, especially in nigeria, has been. Description southeastern nigeria underwent significant economic, political, and social change as a result of european conquest. Expanded features nigerian victims of human trafficking rescued from th.
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